Cosine
In a right triangle, the ratio of the side adjacent to an angle to the hypotenuse.
Cosine is the second primary trig function: cos θ = adjacent / hypotenuse. On the unit circle it is the x-coordinate after rotating θ radians from the positive x-axis. Sine and cosine are connected by sin²θ + cos²θ = 1.
Formula
cos θ = adjacent / hypotenuse